Form-2
APPLICATION FOR PRIOR ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE
S. No.Item Details
1.
Whether it is a violation case and application is being submitted under Notification No. S.O.804(E) dated 14.03.2017 ? No
Details of Project:
(a)Name of the project(s) Jawahar Shetakari Sahakari Sakhar Karkhana Ltd. (JSSSKL)
(b)Name of the Company / Organisation JAWAHAR SHETKARI SAHKARI SAKHAR KARKHANA LTD HUPARI
(c)Registered Address Jawahar Shetkari Sahkari Sakhar Karkhana Ltd. Hupari, Tal- Hatkanagale,Dist- Kolhapur,,Kolhapur,Maharashtra-416203
(d)Legal Status of the Company Others
(e)Joint Venture No
2.
Address for the correspondence:
(a)Name of the Applicant Manohar G Joshi
(b)Designation (Owner/ Partner/ CEO) MD
(c)Address Jawahar Shetkari Sahkari Sakhar Karkhana Ltd., Hupari Tal- Hatkanagale, Dist- Kolhapur,,,Kolhapur,Maharashtra-416203
(d)Pin code 416203
(e)E-mail kprjsssk@gmail.com
(f)STD Code. 230(f)Telephone No. 2450402
(g)Fax No. 02302450401
(h)Copy of documents in support of the competence/authority of the person making this application to make application on behalf of the User Agency . Annexure-Uploaded Copy of documents in support of the competence/authority
3.
Category of the Project/Activity as per Schedule of EIA Notification,2006:
(a.I)Project/Activity5(j) Sugar Industry
Minor Activity
(b)Category A
(c)Proposal Number IA/MH/IND2/38479/2014
(d)Master Proposal Number(Single Window) SW/136894/2020
(e)EAC concerned (for category A Projects only) Industrial Projects - 3
(f)Project Type Expansion
4.
Location of the Project:
(a)Plot/Survey/Khasra No. 315/7, 315/8, 315/9, 315/10, 315/11, 315/12, 315/1
(b)Pincode 416203
(c)Bounded Latitudes (North)
From
Degree 16360341
Minutes
Second
From
Degree 16364449
Minutes
Second
(d)Bounded Longitudes (East)
From
Degree 74235432
Minutes
Second
From
Degree 74244875
Minutes
Second
(e)Survey of India Topo Sheet No. 47L6
(f)Uploaded Topo Sheet File Copy of Topo Sheet File
(g)Maximum Elevation Above Means Sea Level(AMSL) 568
(h)Uploaded (kml) File Copy of Kml File      
(i)Distance of Nearest HFL from the project boundary within the study area 3.5
(j)Seismic Zone 3
5.
(a)Number of States in which Project will be Executed 1
(b)Main State of the project Maharashtra
Details of State(s) of the project
S. No. State Name District Name Tehsil Name Village Name
(1.)MaharashtraKolhapurHatkanangle
6.
Details of Terms of Reference (ToR)/EC:
(a)MoEF&CC / SEIAA File Number J-11011/27/2016-IA-II(I)
(c)Date of Issue of TOR 02 Aug 2014
(f)Previous TOR Letter Copy of Previous TOR letter
(b)Date of Apply of EC 06 Jan 2016
(c)Date of Issue of EC 01 Dec 2020
(d)Previous EC Letter Copy of Previous EC letter
7.
Details of Public Consultation:
(a)Whether the Project Exempted from Public Hearing?No
(b)Whether details of Public Hearing available? Yes
(c)Whether Public hearing was presided over by an officer of the rank of Additional District Magistrate or above Yes
     7.1.       Details of Public Hearing
S. No.Details of Advertisement Details of Public Hearing Venue Location DetailsNo. of People AttendedIssues RaisedDesignation of Presiding OfficerOther Designation of Presiding Officer
(1.)
Date of Advertisement :08 Nov 2019
Copy of advertisement :Copy of Advertisement
Copy of Public Hearing :Copy of Public Hearing
Date :12 Dec 2019
Distance of Public Hearing Venue from the Proposed Project :0
At the Factory site - M/s. Jawahar Shetakari Sahakari Sakhar Karkhana Ltd. (JSSSKL) Gat No..: 315/7 to 315/15, Tal. - Hatkanangale, Dist.-Kolhapur, Maharashtra.
State :Maharashtra
District :Kolhapur
Tehsil :Hatkanangle
Village :Yalgud
83There was no any major issues raised during Public hearing.District Magistrate
8.
Details of Project Configuration/Product:
Details Not Applicable
9.
In case of Expansion / Modernisation / One Time Capacity Expansion (only for Coal Mining) / Expansion under Clause 7(ii) / Modernisation under Clause 7(ii) / Change of Product Mix under Clause 7(ii):
(a)Details of certified report on compliance of earlier environmental clearance condition
(i)Certified Compliance By Regional
(ii)Details of Regional Office of MoEFCC / Zonal Office of CPCB / SPCB / UTPCC from which certified report on Nagpur
(iii)Letter No. EC-386/RON/2017-NGP/6149
(iv)Status of Compliance Compiled
(v)Certified report on compliance of earlier environmental clearance conditions (Including Monitoring Report) Copy of Certified Compliance Report
(vi)Date of site visit Jan 21 2020 12:00AM
(b)Details of Capacity Expansion
S. No.Product/Activity (Capacity/Area)Quantity FromQuantity ToTotal UnitOther UnitMode of Transport / Transmission of ProductOther Mode of Transport / Transmission of Product
(1.)Sugar12000400016000Tons Crushed per Day(TCD)Road
(c)Details of Configuration
S. No.Plant / Equipment / Facility Existing ConfigurationProposed ConfigurationFinal configuration after expansionRemarks
(1.)Sugar Factory12000400016000
(2.)Co-gen Plant28.50028.5
9.1.
Details of Consent to Operate
(i)Whether Consent to operate obtained ? NA
(ii)Copies of all Consent to operate obtained since inception NA
(iii)Date of Issue 26 Feb 2020
(iv)Valid Upto 31 Jul 2020
(v)File No. Format1.0/CAC-/UAN No. MPCB-CONSENT-0000074209/CR-
(vi)Application No. MPCB-CONSENT-0000074209
(vii)Copy of Consent to operate valid as on date Copy of Consent to Operate
10.
Project Cost:
(a)Total Cost of the Project at current price level (in Crores) 34
(b) Funds Allocated for Environment Management (Capital) (in Crores) 1.10
(c) Funds Allocated Towards CER (Corporate Environment Responsibility) (in Crores) 2.60
(d) Funds Allocated for Environment Management Plan (EMP) (Recurring per Annum) (in Crores) 0.12
11.
Whether project attracts the General Condition specified in the Schedule of EIA Notification ? Yes
d)Inter-State boundaries and international boundaries Yes
12.
Whether project attract the Specific Condition specified in the Schedule of EIA Notification ? No
13.
Raw Material / Fuel Requirement:
(a)Proposed quantity of raw material/fuel 720000
(b)Existing quantity of raw material/fuel 2160000
(c)Total quantity of raw material/fuel 2880000
    13.1.        Raw Material / Fuel Profile
S. No.Raw Material / Fuel QuantityUnitOther UnitSource (incase of Import. please specify country and Name of the port from which Raw Material / Fuel is received )Mode of TransportOther Mode of TransportDistance of Source from Project Site (in Kilometres) (In case of import, distance from the port from which the raw material / fuel is received)Type of Linkage Other Type of Linkage Uploaded Copy of Linkage
(1.)Sugar cane2880000Tons per AnnumNearby FarmlandRoad30 Open MarketCopy of Linkage
14.
Baseline Data :
(a)Period of Base Line Data Collection FROM 01 Jan 2019 To 31 Mar 2019
(b)Season Pre-Monsoon
    14.1.     No. of ambient Air Quality (AAQ) monitoring locations : 8
S. No.Criteria Pollutants Other Criteria PollutantsUnitMaximum ValueMinimum Value98 Percentile ValuePrescribed Standard
(1.)PM10Micro Gram per Meter Cube69.450.1069.34100
(2.)OthersCOMili Gram per Meter Cube0.90.010.92
(3.)PM2.5Micro Gram per Meter Cube29.8012.8023.0560
(4.)SO2Micro Gram per Meter Cube29.8012.8029.7580
(5.)NOxMicro Gram per Meter Cube35.7020.1035.2480
    14.2.     No. of Ground Water monitoring locations : 8
S. No.Criteria Pollutants Other Criteria PollutantsHeavy MetalUnitOther UnitMaximum ValueMinimum ValueDesirable LimitMaximum Permissible Limit
(1.)pHNA7.957.558.58.5
(2.)Fluoridemg/l0.830.2111
(3.)TSSmg/l26.878.1800
(4.)Total Hardnessmg/l204.1472.12200200
(5.)TDSmg/l818.68215.83500500
(6.)Chloridesmg/l197.4368.19250250
    14.3.     No. of Surface Water monitoring locations : 9
S. No.Criteria Pollutants Other Criteria PollutantsUnitOther UnitMaximum ValueMinimum ValueClassification of inland water body
(1.)BODmg/l59.358.15E
(2.)pHmg/l7.427.24E
(3.)CODmg/l136.9820.69E
(4.)DOmg/l4.001.2E
    14.4.     No. of Ambient Noise monitoring locations : 9
S. No.Parameter UnitMaximum ValueMinimum ValuePrescribed Standard
(1.)Leq(Day)A-weighted decibels(dB(A))70.650.575
(2.)Leq(Night)A-weighted decibels(dB(A))53.140.670
    14.5.     No. of Soil Sample Monitored locations : 8
S. No.Parameter UnitOther UnitMaximum ValueMinimum Value
(1.)pH8.087.06
(2.)Electric ConductivityMillisiemens per Centimetre3220.671149.96
(3.)N(Nitrogen)Kilogram per hectare852.34296.74
(4.)K(Potassium)Milligram per Litre459.61154.79
(5.)P(Phosphorus)Milligram per Litre196.8970.38
14.6.
Details of Ground Water Table:
(a)Range of Water Table Pre-Monsoon Season (Meters Below Ground Level (m bgl)) From 10 To 5
(b)Range of Water Table Post-Monsoon Season (Meters Below Ground Level (m bgl)) From 2 To 5
(c)Whether Ground Water Intersection will be there ? No
     15.      Details of Water Requirement (During Operation)
S. No.Source Source Other Required Quantity (Kilolitre per Day (Kld))Distance from SourceCopy of Permission from Competent Authority Mode of TransportOther Mode of TransportMethod of Water WithdrawalOther Method of Water WithdrawalLetter No.Date of IssuePermitted Quantity
(1.)Surface5131.2Copy of Permission LetterPipelineJack WellO.N.KID(N)/PS-3/(37)/Non-irrigation/4944/Year 201804 May 2018934
15.1.
(a)Whether Desalination is proposed No
    16.       Waste Water Management(During Operation)
S. No.Type/Source Quantity of Waste Water Generated (Kilolitre per Day)Treatment Capacity (Kilolitre per Day) Treatment MethodMode of DisposalOther Mode of DisposalQuantity of Treated Water Used in Recycling/Reuse (Kilolitre per Day)Quantity of Discharged Water (Kilolitre per Day)
(1.)Industrial Effluent14303000Existing ETPGreen Belt Renewal Plant1430
(2.)Domestic Effluent125130Proposed STPGreen Belt Renewal Plant125
16.1.
(a)Total Waste Water Generation (Kilolitre per Day) 1555
(b)Total Discharged Water (Kilolitre per Day) 0
(c)Total Reused Water (Kilolitre per Day) 1555
    17.       Solid Waste Generation/Management
S. No.Name of Waste Item Other ItemQuantity per AnnumUnitDistance from Site(KM)Mode of TransportOther Mode of TransportMode of DisposalOther Mode of Disposal
(1.)Boiler AshBottom Ash5400Tons15RoadOthersGiven to Farmers for use as manure.
18.
    18.1.     Air Quality Impact Prediction
S. No.Criteria Pollutants Other Criteria PollutantsUnitBaseline ConcentrationDistance GLCIncremental ConcentrationTotal GLCPrescribed Standard
(1.)PM2.5Microgram per Meter Cube23.050023.0660
(2.)PM10Microgram per Meter Cube69.35100069.360
(3.)NOxMicrogram per Meter Cube35.240035.2580
(4.)SO2Microgram per Meter Cube29.750029.7680
    18.2.     Stack Details
S. No.Source FuelStack Height(m)Stack Diameter(m)PollutantsOther PollutantsEmission (GLS)
(1.)90 TPH Boiler (Existing)Bagasse755.2PM104.8
(2.)75 TPH Boiler (Existing)Bagasse723.7PM102.9
(3.)20 TPH Boiler (Existing)Bagasse755.2PM105.2
19.
Power Requirement:
(a)Quantity (Kilo Volt Amps (kVA)) 17000
(b)Source Own Co-gen Plant
(c)Uploaded Copy of Agreement Copy of Agreement
(d)Standby Arrangement (Details of DG Sets) KVA 1320 and KVA 515
(e)Stack Height (in m) 6
20.
Land Ownership Pattern:
(a)Forest Land (ha.) 00
(b)Private Land (ha.) 99.57
(c)Government Land (ha.) 00
(d)Revenue Land (ha.) 00
(e)Other Land (ha.) 00
    Total Land (ha.) 99.57
21.
Present Land Use Breakup of the Study Area in Ha:
(a)Agriculture Area (ha.) 18745
(b)Waste/Barren Land (ha.) 1536
(c)Grazing/ Community Land (ha.) 00
(d)Surface Water Bodies (ha.) 320
(e)Settlements (ha.) 3135
(f)Industrial (ha.) 00
(g)Forest (ha.) 00
(h)Mangroves (ha.) 00
(i)Marine Area (ha.) 00
(j)Others (ha.) : Follow land 7679
    Total (ha.) 31415.0000
    22.     Land requirement for various activities
S. No.Description of Activity / Facility / Plant / Others OthersLand Requirement (ha.)Remarks
(1.)Built Up Area23.78
(2.)Green belt39.37
(3.)OthersOpen space36.41
Total (ha.) 99.56
23.
Ecological and Environmental Sensitivity (Within 10 Km):- WLS-Wild Life Sanctuaries; NPA-Notified Protected Area; ESAs-Eco Sensitive Areas; ESZs-Eco Sensitive Zones :
    23.1.     Details of Ecological Sensitivity :
S. No.Details of Ecological Sensitivity NameDistance from the Project (Km)Remarks
(1.)NPANil0There is no presence of any NPA in 10 Km radius of project
(2.)Critically Polluted AreaNil0There is no presence of any critically polluted area in 10 Km radius of project
(3.)ESZsNil0There is no presence of any ESZs in 10 Km radius of project
(4.)Wildlife CorridorsNil0There is no presence of any wildlife corridors in 10 Km radius of project
(5.)CorridorsNil0There is no presence of any corridors in 10 Km radius of project
(6.)WLSNil0There is no presence of any WLS in 10 Km radius of project
(7.)ESAsNil0There is no presence of any ESAs in 10 Km radius of project
    23.2.     Details of Environmental Sensitivity :
S. No.Details of Environmental Sensitivity Other Details of Environmental Sensitivity NameDistance from the Project (Km)Remarks
(1.)ForestNil0There is no presence of any forest in 10 Km radius of project
(2.)Defence InstallationsNil0There is no presence of defense installation in 10 Km radius of project
(3.)Archaeological SitesNil0There is no presence of any archaeological sites in 10 Km radius of project
23.3.
(a)Whether Noc / Permission from the competent authority is required? No
(b)Whether NBWL recommendation is required? No
24.
Forest Land:
Whether any Forest Land involved? No
25.
Tree Cutting:
(a)No. of Trees Cut for the Project (if Forest Land not Involved) 00
(b)Details of Tree Cutting and Planting of Trees Not Applicable
26.
Land Acquisition Status:
(a)Acquired Land(Ha) 99.57
(b)Land yet to be acquired(Ha) 00
(c)Status of Land acquisition if not acquired NA
27.
Rehabilitation and Resettlement (R&R):
(a)No. of Villages 00
(b)No. of Households 00
(c)No. of PDFs (Project Displaced Families) 00
(d)No. of PAFs (Project Affected Families) 00
(e)Funds Allocated for R&R(in INR) (in Lacs) 00
(f)Status of R&R NA
28.
Details of Presence of Schedule-I Species:
(a)Whether there is Presence of Schedule-I Species ? Yes
(i)Details of Schedule-I Species Indian peafowl, Indian monitor lizard
(b)Whether conservation plan for Schedule-I Species has been prepared ? Yes
(i)Uploaded copy of conservation plan Copy of conservation plan
(ii)Fund Provision made 30 lakhs
(iii)Period of Implementation 3 Years
(c)Whether conservation plan for Schedule-I Species has been approved by competent authority ? No
29.
Details of Presence of Water Bodies in Core Area:
(a)Whether there is Presence of Water Bodies in Core Area ? No
(b)Whether there is Diversion Required ? No
(c)Whether permission has been obtained from competent authority ? No
30.
Details of Presence of Water Bodies in Buffer Area:
(a)Whether there is Presence of Water Bodies in Buffer Area ? Yes
(i)Details of Water Bodies in Buffer Area Panchganga River, Dudhganga river
(ii)Direction of Water Bodies in Buffer Area South
(iii)Distance of Water Bodies in Buffer Area 4
31.
Manpower Requirement:
(a)Permanent Employment-During Construction 00
(b)Permanent Employment-During Operation 99
(c)Temporary Employment- During Construction 31
(d)Temporary Employment- During Operation 00
(e)No. of working days 180
(f)Total Manpower 130
32.
Green Belt in Ha:
(a)Uploaded Green Belt plan Copy of Green Belt Plan
S. No.Description ExistingProposedTotal
(1.)Total Area of Green Belt343983.1049785.0393768.1
(2.)Percentage of Total Project Area34.55539.55
(3.)No. of Plants737616249000
(4.)Funds Allocated750000010000008500000
    33.         Project Benefits
S. No.Type of Project Benefits Details of Project Benefits
(1.)Environmental1. Augmentation of existing green belt in the industrial area and its surrounding shall help in improving the aesthetic beauty of the surrounding environment giving a pleasant look and improvising the air quality. 2. Green belt will help in arresting dust emissions as well as noise.
(2.)Financial1. The community that resides in the nearby areas will be benefited directly or indirectly by this project
(3.)Social1. Upliftment of local peoples 2. Improvement in the Physical & Social Infrastructure 3.Employment generation
   34.   CRZ Specific Details : Not Applicable
   35.   Sector Specific Details For Industrial Projects - 3
S. No.Item Details
S. No.Item Details
36.
Details of Court Cases:
(a)Whether there is any Court Cases pending against the project and/or land in which the project is proposed to be set up ? Yes
(b)Name of the Court Districts Courts
(c)Name of the Sub Court kolhapur
(d)Case No. Crim. Misc. Appln. No. R-C.C/181/18/2016
(e)Orders/Directions of the court ,if any and its relevance with the proposed project No
(f)Case Details Excess Crushing in 2015-16 season
(g)Uploaded Court Order Copy of Court Order
37.
Details of Direction Issued under Environment (Protection) Act / Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution)) Act / Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act:
(a)Whether any Direction issued under EPA Act/Air Act/Water Act ? No
38.
Details of EIA Consultant:
(a)Have you hired Consultant for preparing document? Yes
(i)Accreditation No. NABET/EIA/1821/RA 0135
(ii)Name of the EIA Consultant Equinox Environments (I) Pvt. Ltd.
(iii)Address F-11, Namdev Nest, 1160 ā€˜Eā€™ ward, Opp. Kamala College, Sykes Extension, Kolhapu
(iv)Mobile No. 9657865122
(v)Landline No. 0231253123
(vi)Email Id eia@equinoxenvi.com
(vii)Category of Accreditation A
(viii)Sector of Accreditation Industrial Projects - 3
(ix)Validity of Accreditation 21 Oct 2021
(x)Uploaded Certificate of Accreditation certified by QCI/NABET Copy of Certificate of Accreditation
39.
Documents to be Attached:
(a)Uploaded Copy of EIA/EMP Report Copy of EIA/EMP
Copy of EIA/EMP(Annexures)
Copy of EIA/EMP(Plans/Figures)
(b)Uploaded Copy of Risk Assessment Report Copy of Risk Assessment
(c)Uploaded Copy of Feasibility Report/ Detailed Project Report(DPR) /Detailed Engineering Report /Detailed Conceptual Plan /Approved Mining Plan Copy of Feasibility Report/ Detailed Project Report(DPR) /Detailed Engineering Report /Detailed Conceptual Plan /Approved Mining Plan
(d)Uploaded Copy of Final Layout Plan Copy of Final Layout Plan
(e)Uploaded Cover Letter Copy of Cover Letter
(f)Uploaded Copy of documents in support of the competence/authority of the person making this application to make application on behalf of the User Agency Copy of documents in support of the competence/authority of the person making this application to make application on behalf of the User Agency
(g)Uploaded Additional File Copy of Additional File
(h)Uploaded Proposal Presentation (To be given in EAC meeting) NA
            Essential Detail Sought:
Sno. EDS Letter Remarks Date of EDS
1.NA(i) Public hearing proceedings to be forwarded by the Member Secretary, SPCB along with complete public hearing/consultation documents. Also issues raised during public hearing, response by the project proponent, action plan with budgetary allocation has not been submitted. Kindly upload the requisite documents. Form 2 (Sno. 7.1) (ii) All old CTOs not uploaded to verify the violation, if any done by PP. (iii) Copy of earlier EC is not uploaded in at S. No. 6 of Form 2. (iv) TOR compliance is not adequate in EIA/EMP report and need to revise as per the terms of reference granted for the project, and shall conform to Appendix III of the EIA Notification, 2006. (v) Status of Conservation Plan approval from CWLW. (vi) Details of R&R completed as claimed by PP in from 2 (vii) In view of the above, PP/Consultant are requested to revise the application for grant of EC and accordingly revise the Form 2 alongwith EIA/EMP Report. The EIA/EMP Report shall match with the information as filled in Form 2. On examination it is observed that the Consultant has not adequately submitted the application as per the provisions of the EIA Notification, 2006. Consultant has to read the documents before uploading the information in Form 2 /EIA/EMP report 05 Mar 2020
2.NAThe correction have been made as per the instruction received 19 Jun 2020
            Additional Detail Sought:
Sno. ADS Letter Remarks Date of ADS
1. ADS Reply LetterWe are hereby submitting the Additional Detail Sought (ADS) reply raised during 21st EAC meeting for industry-II held on 14th - 16th July, 2020. 07 Sep 2020
2.NA

The EAC during deliberations noted that the project proponent proposed to lift fresh water from the Dudhganga river and treated effluent/cane condensate are proposed to send to nearby farm/share holders farm land. The Committee was of the view that such discharge shall lead to contamination of the farm land and the PP shall reuse the treated water and accordingly fresh water requirement shall be reduced. The Minutes of 21st EAC Meeting held during July 14-16, 2020 Page 8 of 145 Committee after detailed deliberations insisted for following requisite information/inputs in respect of the following: (i). Revised Water balance with complete Zero Liquid Discharge Plan. PP can drop the fresh water requirement by utilizing water from harvested rain water, cane condensate and reuse of treated water. (ii). Current status of court case. Details of action taken by SPCB along with copies/CTO etc.. (iii). Commitment that no treated/untreated waste water shall be discharged outside the plant premises. (iv). Plan for rain water harvesting. (v). Committee sought the plan for green energy viz. solar power generation (at least 2.5 MW for use in the unit). (vi). Commitment for employment to the local people along with details. (vii). Issues raised during public hearing, action plan, and as committed for utilization of Rs 5.0 crore for CER, revised action plan. (viii). Earlier EC was granted in 2016. The Committee noted that there is Schedule-I species in the study area and PP has still not taken the approval of conservation plan. (ix). Consultant needs to upload all the required details in Form 2 (Parivesh Portal), [for eg. Letter of SPCB forwarding the Public Hearing to MoEFCC at S No. 7.1 has not uploaded; In S No. 6, in place of TOR, minutes uploaded etc.] The proposal was accordingly DEFERRED for the needful. 

07 Sep 2020
Undertaking
I hereby give undertaking that the data and information given in the application and enclosures are true to be best of my knowledge and belief. And I am aware that if any part of the data and information found to be false or misleading at any stage, the project will be rejected and clearance given, if any to the project will be revoked at our risk and cost. In addition to above, I hereby give undertaking that no activity/ construction/ expansion has since been taken up.
Name of ApplicantManohar G Joshi
DesignationMD
Name of Company (Applicant Name should not be given here)JAWAHAR SHETKARI SAHKARI SAKHAR KARKHANA LTD HUPARI
AddressJawahar Shetkari Sahkari Sakhar Karkhana Ltd. Hupari, Tal- Hatkanagale,Dist- Kolhapur
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